{"id":244,"date":"2021-09-13T09:46:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-13T07:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/?p=244"},"modified":"2021-09-11T08:54:55","modified_gmt":"2021-09-11T06:54:55","slug":"hudobny-nastroj-drumbla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/?p=244","title":{"rendered":"Hudobn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj &#8211; Drumb\u013ea"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Drumb\u013ea<\/strong>\u00a0(in\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy:\u00a0<strong>drom\u013ea, drm\u013ea, drumlica, grumbla, bzu\u010d\u00e1k, brnk\u00e1\u0161<\/strong>) je \u013eudov\u00fd\u00a0hudobn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj\u00a0patriaci do skupiny\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Idiof%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">idiof\u00f3nov<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poch\u00e1dza zrejme z\u00a0\u00c1zie; na \u010d\u00ednskej kresbe z 3. storo\u010dia pred\u00a0Kr. je vidie\u0165 hudobn\u00edk hraj\u00faci na drumb\u013eu. Do Eur\u00f3py sa dostala z v\u00fdchodn\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0Kazachstanu\u00a0a bola zn\u00e1ma u\u017e star\u00fdm Rimanom. V eur\u00f3pskych krajin\u00e1ch bola drumb\u013ea celkom be\u017en\u00fdm hudobn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom. Na \u00fazem\u00ed Slovenska ju roz\u0161irovali najm\u00e4 r\u00f3mski kovotepci. S prv\u00fdmi eur\u00f3pskymi osadn\u00edkmi sa tie\u017e dostala do Ameriky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V Eur\u00f3pe sa vyr\u00e1ba zo \u017eeleza, ale v \u00c1zii sa dodnes vyrez\u00e1va z\u00a0bambusu\u00a0alebo\u00a0palmov\u00e9ho dreva. Pozost\u00e1va z otvoren\u00e9ho r\u00e1m\u010deka, do ktor\u00e9ho je vkovan\u00fd pru\u017en\u00fd kovov\u00fd\u00a0jaz\u00fd\u010dek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"drumb\u013ea\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9u3QCts0QnU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aj ke\u010f je mnoho r\u00f4znych tvarov a ve\u013ekost\u00ed tohto n\u00e1stroja, prevl\u00e1da tvar\u00a0gr\u00e9ckeho p\u00edsmena\u00a0\u03a9 (omega) s pred\u013a\u017een\u00fdmi no\u017ei\u010dkami. Pri kovov\u00fdch drumbliach b\u00fdva r\u00e1m\u010dek oh\u00fdban\u00fd z pr\u00fatu alebo kovan\u00fd. Do v\u00fdkovku potom b\u00fdvaj\u00fa vlisovan\u00e9 magick\u00e9 znaky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdraznos\u0165 t\u00f3nu n\u00e1stroja je citlivo z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na \u0161trbine medzi jeho jaz\u00fd\u010dkom a no\u017ei\u010dkami. M\u00e1 by\u0165 \u010do najmen\u0161ia. Dobr\u00fd n\u00e1stroj zaznie svojim z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm t\u00f3nom aj bez brnknutia pri samotnom presat\u00ed vzduchu \u0161trbinou, podobne ako jaz\u00fd\u010dek harmonikov\u00e9ho \u201ehlasu\u201c. Farebnos\u0165 t\u00f3nu je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na \u0161\u00edrke jaz\u00fd\u010dka a na d\u013a\u017eke \u0161trbiny. V\u00fd\u0161ku z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho t\u00f3nu ud\u00e1va d\u013a\u017eka a hmotnos\u0165 jaz\u00fd\u010dka, m\u00f4\u017ee v\u0161ak by\u0165 menen\u00e1 v \u0161irokom rozsahu z\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed\u010dkom na jeho konci. T\u00fdm m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj hlboko a farebne znej\u00faca drumb\u013ea mal\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ludovakultura.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/drumbla-b-hrac-na.jpg\" alt=\"drumb\u013ea - Centrum pre tradi\u010dn\u00fa \u013eudov\u00fa kult\u00faru\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jaz\u00fd\u010dek dobr\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroja mus\u00ed by\u0165 strihan\u00fd pozd\u013a\u017e valcovac\u00edch vl\u00e1kien plan\u017eety resp. p\u00e1skovej ocele valcovanej za studena. Drumb\u013ea znie najv\u00fdraznej\u0161ie s hranat\u00fdm r\u00e1m\u010dekom z n\u00e1strojovej ocele (klinovica). Pr\u00fat m\u00e1 by\u0165 do tvaru r\u00e1m\u010deka oh\u00fdban\u00fd proti jeho hrane tak, aby vytvoril ostr\u00fa \u0161trbinu. Povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava n\u00e1stroja nesmie by\u0165 roben\u00e1 luhovan\u00edm (pr\u00edpravky typu brunigal a pod.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Koncertn\u00e1 kovov\u00e1 drumb\u013ea m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 doplnen\u00e1 n\u00e1stavcom, navaren\u00fdm na jej chrbtovej \u010dasti, s\u00a0cie\u013eom upevni\u0165 zvukov\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d. Jaz\u00fd\u010dek m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zasunut\u00fd a upevnen\u00fd do \u0161trbiny r\u00e1m\u010deka pr\u00edlo\u017ekou (sa skrutkou) alebo klinkom. Takto m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v\u00fdmenn\u00fd a jemne ladite\u013en\u00fd do z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho t\u00f3nu. Pri zakovan\u00ed jaz\u00fd\u010dka do r\u00e1m\u010deka m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 drumb\u013ea dola\u010fovan\u00e1 aj zmenou uhlu ohybu v jeho kolienku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"\u0160kola hry na drumb\u013eu\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/86exVBhGZAk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hr\u00e1\u010d dr\u017e\u00ed drumb\u013eu v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou v \u013eavej ruke a pevne ju tisne proti pootvoren\u00fdm per\u00e1m alebo a\u017e zubom \u2013 horn\u00fa no\u017ei\u010dku n\u00e1stroja proti hornej pere (zubom) a doln\u00fa proti pere (zubom) spodnej. Ukazov\u00e1kom pravej ruky sa brnk\u00e1 na koniec jaz\u00fd\u010dka vo\u013ene kmitaj\u00faceho uprostred r\u00e1m\u010deka a medzi perami (zubami), \u010d\u00edm sa vytv\u00e1ra charakteristick\u00fd\u00a0t\u00f3n. Brnkanie je mo\u017en\u00e9 oboma smermi, najm\u00e4 pri r\u00fdchlych zmen\u00e1ch t\u00f3nu a tempa hrania. Hra na per\u00e1ch m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 len o nie\u010do menej v\u00fdrazn\u00e1, ako na zuboch, je v\u0161ak jemnej\u0161ia a netrpia pri tom zuby hr\u00e1\u010da. Profesion\u00e1lny hr\u00e1\u010d udr\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1stroj medzi perami bez pomoci ruky, ktor\u00fa m\u00e1 potom vo\u013en\u00fa. \u00dastna dutina funguje ako\u00a0rezon\u00e1tor\u00a0aj\u00a0zosil\u0148ova\u010d\u00a0\u2013\u00a0premiest\u0148ovan\u00edm jazyka, tvarovan\u00edm \u00fastnej dutiny a zmenami\u00a0intenzity\u00a0d\u00fdchania sa men\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ka a sila t\u00f3nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4c\/Pra%C5%BEsk%C3%BD_jarmark_365.jpg\/220px-Pra%C5%BEsk%C3%BD_jarmark_365.jpg\" alt=\"Drumb\u013ea - Wikiwand\" width=\"604\" height=\"453\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rytmick\u00fdm pres\u00e1van\u00edm vzduchu \u0161trbinou pri hran\u00ed sa dosahuje efekt vlastn\u00e9ho nepr\u00edzvu\u010dn\u00e9ho a farebn\u00e9ho sprievodu, takzvan\u00e9ho kontrovania. Drumb\u013ea sa pou\u017e\u00edva ako n\u00e1stroj s\u00f3lov\u00fd a to a\u017e koncertn\u00fd, alebo sprievodn\u00fd. S\u00fa zn\u00e1me nahr\u00e1vky na drumbli napr. J. Pe\u0161ka na LP platniach so Slovensk\u00fdm rozhlasov\u00fdm orchestrom v Bratislave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri hran\u00ed na drumbli je treba by\u0165 opatrn\u00fd, preto\u017ee n\u00e1raz jaz\u00fd\u010dka do zubov je bolestiv\u00fd a m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 trval\u00fa\u00a0frakt\u00faru\u00a0zubov, skuto\u010dne ne\u0161ikovn\u00e9mu hr\u00e1\u010dovi hroz\u00ed pri\u0161kripnutie per\u00ed medzi r\u00e1m\u010dek a jaz\u00fd\u010dek drumble.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Drumb\u013ea\u00a0(in\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy:\u00a0drom\u013ea, drm\u013ea, drumlica, grumbla, bzu\u010d\u00e1k, brnk\u00e1\u0161) je \u013eudov\u00fd\u00a0hudobn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj\u00a0patriaci do skupiny\u00a0idiof\u00f3nov. Poch\u00e1dza zrejme z\u00a0\u00c1zie; na \u010d\u00ednskej kresbe z 3. storo\u010dia pred\u00a0Kr. je vidie\u0165 hudobn\u00edk hraj\u00faci na drumb\u013eu. Do Eur\u00f3py sa dostala z v\u00fdchodn\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0Kazachstanu\u00a0a bola zn\u00e1ma u\u017e star\u00fdm Rimanom. V eur\u00f3pskych krajin\u00e1ch bola drumb\u013ea celkom be\u017en\u00fdm hudobn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom. Na<span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/?p=244\">viac<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":61,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["entry","author-administrator","post-244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-hudobne-nastroje"],"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/drncadlo.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=244"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":249,"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions\/249"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/61"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radiofolk.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}